What is the scientific
evidence for Creationism?
Response to comment [from an
atheist]: "Creationism is religion, not science."
You could say the same of evolution. Evolution is religion
not science. Same empirical data. Different interpretations.
Science is not the issue. Worldviews are at issue.
"Evolutionists are not prepared to change their actual belief that all life can
be explained by natural processes and that no God is involved (or even needed).
Evolution is the religion to which they are committed (Ham,
Evolution is a Religion Pt III).
See:
Do real scientists believe in Creation?
War of Worldviews
Response to comment [from a "Christian"]: "...mutations are random and not
directed..."
"Not even one mutation has been observed that adds a
little information to the genome [Ibid., 159–160]..." full text: [URL="http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/nab/is-there-really-a-god#fnList_1_20"]
Is There Really a God?[/URL]
"There are literally thousands of examples of the unique
adaptations that suit each type of organism for its special role in the web of
life..." [URL="http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/cfol/ch1-adaptation.asp"]Adaptation
and ecology: the marvelous fit of organisms to their environment [/URL]
Response to comment [from a Catholic]: " The creationists have re-interpreted
"land" to mean "whole world." The Bible does not say the whole world was
flooded."
Scars tell stories (Isa 53:5). The Bible teaches a
worldwide flood. There is overwhelming evidence for this.
"Even conservative Christians,
although professing belief in the divine inspiration of Scripture, have
often ignored the significance of the Flood. They have been intimidated by
the evolutionary geologists and paleontologists who, for over a hundred
years, have insisted that all of earth history should be explained in terms
of slow development over great ages by the operation of the same natural
processes which now prevail, completely rejecting the concept of the
universal Flood at the dawn of history. Many Christians have attempted to
work out a compromise with evolutionary geology by explaining the Flood as a
local flood, caused by a great overflow of the Euphrates or some other river
in the Middle East. It must be settled here, therefore, first of all, that
the Bible record does describe a universal, world-destroying Flood.
Genesis 7:17, 18
In the next several verses of
Genesis 7 appear a considerable number of reasons to prove that the Bible is
describing a worldwide Flood, not a local flood. Some of these are as
follows:
(1) The
wording of the entire record, both here and throughout Genesis 6–9, could
not be improved on, if the intention of the writer was to describe a
universal Flood; as a description of a river overflow, it is completely
misleading and exaggerated, to say the least.
(2) Expressions
involving universality of the Flood and its effects occur more than thirty
times in Genesis 6–9.
(3) The
Flood “was [or better, ‘was coming’] forty days upon the earth.” A continual
downpour lasting for forty days, concurrently with a bursting of great
clefts in the crust (verses 11–12) would be impossible under present
uniformitarian conditions.
(4) The
Flood which came on the earth was the
mabbul,
a word used solely in connection with the Noahic Flood. The ordinary Hebrew
words for a local flood are not used here at all.
(5) The
water rise was quickly sufficient to “bear up the ark,” indicating a depth
of at least twenty feet in the earliest stages of the Flood, since the Ark
was at least forty-four feet high and heavily loaded. As already noted, the
Ark was far too large to accommodate a mere regional fauna and was more than
adequate to house two of every species of land animal in the whole world,
living or extinct.
(6) As
the rains continued, the waters “prevailed,” a word which means, literally,
“were overwhelmingly mighty,” and would be quite inappropriate in the
setting of a local flood. Job 12:15 says that the waters “overturned the
earth.”
(7) The
construction, outfitting, and stocking of the Ark, so that it “went upon the
face of the waters” had all been an absurd waste of time and money if the
Flood were to be only a local flood. Migration would have been a far better
solution to the problem, for Noah as well as the birds and beasts.
Genesis 7:19, 20
The record of the Flood gives every
indication of being an eyewitness account, written originally by either Noah
or his sons, probably the latter. As the account advances, it becomes more
and more obvious that these witnesses intended to describe what they firmly
believed to be a worldwide, uniquely destructive cataclysm. Some other
reasons are as follows:
(8) The
waters covered all the “high hills” and the “mountains” (“hills” and
“mountains” are the same word in the original, the repetition being a case
of Hebrew parallelism for the purpose of emphasis).
(9) The
waters not only “were overwhelmingly mighty” (translated “prevailed” in
verse 18) but “prevailed exceedingly”
over the earth.
(10) All
the mountains “under the whole heaven” were inundated under at least fifteen
cubits of water (half the height of the Ark, probably representing its depth
of submergence), telling us that the Ark could float freely over all the
mountains. These would patently include at least the mountains of Ararat,
the highest peak of which reaches 17,000 feet. A 17,000-foot Flood is not a
local flood!
(11) The
mountains were “covered.” The Hebrew word here,
kasah,
conveys a very positive emphasis; it could well be rendered “overwhelmed,”
as it is translated in some instances. The waters not only inundated the
mountains but eventually washed them away.
(12) A
double superlative—“all
the high mountains under all
the heavens”—cannot possibly allow the use of the word “all” here in a
“relative” sense, as sometimes maintained by proponents of the local flood
theory.
Genesis 7:21–23
(13) “All
flesh died that moved upon the earth.” In a local flood, most of the fauna
can escape death by fleeing the rising waters or by swimming to dry ground
if necessary (or by flying away, in the case of birds); but this would be
impossible in a universal Flood.
(14) “Every
man” died, in accordance with the very purpose of the Flood. In a local
flood, most people escape. Furthermore, there is no longer any question that
ancient man occupied the entire globe at a date (as calculated by
anthropologists, at least) much earlier than the date of any supposed “local
flood” corresponding to the event described in Genesis. A local flood would
not have reached “every man.”
(15) Not
only did everything with “the breath of life” die (this including animals,
as well as man, further confirming that animals possess the
ruach,
or “spirit” of life), but so was “every living substance destroyed.” The
word translated “living substance” is one word in Hebrew,
yequm,
and is simply translated “substance” in Deuteronomy 11:6. It clearly refers
here to vegetation, as well as animals. In fact, God had told Noah: “I will
destroy man with the earth”
(Genesis 6:13).
(16) Only
Noah and those with him in the Ark survived the Flood, so that all present
men are descended from Noah’s three sons (see also Genesis 9:1, 19).
Likewise, all the earth’s present dry-land animals came of those on the Ark
(Genesis 8:17, 19; 9:10). The very purpose of God had been to destroy all
other living men (Genesis 6:7) and land animals (Genesis 6:17, 7:22).
Genesis 7:24
For the third time the word
“prevailed” is used (see comments on verses 18 and 20), this time indicating
that the waters prevailed 150 days. It was not until after this period that
the “fountains of the deep” and the “windows of heaven” were shut (8:2) and
the waters began to retreat. The extreme duration of the Flood indicates
still further Biblical reasons for regarding it as universal.
(17) No
local flood continues to rise for 150 days.
(18) Even
after the waters began to abate, and the Ark grounded on the highest of the
mountains of Ararat (Genesis 8:4), it was another 21/2 months before the
tops of other mountains could be seen (8:5).
(19) Even
after four months of receding flood waters, the dove sent out by Noah could
find no dry land on which to light (8:9).
(20) It
was over an entire year (7:11; 8:13) before enough land had been exposed to
permit the occupants to leave the Ark.
In view of all the above
considerations, it is almost inconceivable that men professing to believe
the Bible could endorse the local flood theory. Nevertheless, many
evangelicals have been so intimidated by the pretensions of modern
scholarship that they would sooner give up “the praise of God” than “the
praise of men” (John 12:43).
To the above twenty reasons may be
appended the following additional Biblical reasons for believing in a
worldwide flood:1
(21) God’s
promise never to send such a Flood again (Genesis 8:21; 9:11, 15) has been
broken repeatedly if it were only a local or regional flood.
(22) The
New Testament uses a unique term (kataklusmos,
“cataclysm”) for the Flood (Matthew 24:39; Luke 17:27; 2 Peter 2:5; 3:6)
instead of the usual Greek word for “flood.”
(23) New
cosmological conditions came into being after the Flood, including sharply
denned seasons (Genesis 8:22), the rainbow along with rain (Genesis 2:5;
9:13–14), and enmity between man and beasts (Genesis 9:2).
(24) Man’s
longevity began a long, slow decline immediately after the Flood (compare
Genesis 5 and Genesis 11).
(25) Later
Biblical writers accepted the universal Flood (note Job 12:15; 22:16; Psalm
29:10; 104:6–9; Isaiah 54:9; 1 Peter 3:20; 2 Peter 2:5; 3:5, 6; Hebrews
11:7).
(26) The
Lord Jesus Christ accepted the historicity and universality of the Flood,
even making it the climactic sign and type of the coming worldwide judgment
when He returns (Matthew 24:37–39; Luke 17:26, 27).
As will be noted in the next
section, there is also strong geological evidence for the universal Flood,
rather than for uniformitarianism and evolution. Regardless of any real or
imagined geological difficulties, however, the Word of God teaches
unequivocally that the Flood was worldwide in its extent and cataclysmic in
its effects. The only course legitimately open to Bible-believing Christians
is to reinterpret the geological data to conform to this Biblical
revelation."
1
In Appendix
5, there are listed a total of one hundred
Biblical and scientific reasons for believing that the Flood was
worldwide.
Morris, Henry
M.: The Genesis Record : A Scientific and Devotional Commentary
on the Book of Beginnings. Grand Rapids, MI : Baker Books, 1976,
S. 199
What
is the scientific evidence for Creationism?